Exploring seasonal sensitivity: Perceived stress and physical performance among older people in high southern latitudes
Abstract
Introduction. Aging brings physiological, psychological, and social changes, such as stress-coping strategies and physical fitness. Seasonal sensitivity, which includes mood and behavioral shifts in response to seasonal changes, is particularly influential. This study examines the relationships between seasonal sensitivity, perceived stress, and physical performance in older adults living in high southern latitudes. Methodology. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with 77 older adults (60 females and 17 males, aged 60 to 89). Seasonal sensitivity was measured using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire, perceived stress with the Perceived Stress Scale, and physical performance with the Short Physical Performance Battery. Results. Increased seasonal sensitivity was associated with higher perceived stress, especially among individuals with "Winter Blues" (β = -0.67, 95% CI [-1.21, -0.13], p < .01) compared with those with typical sensitivity. In contrast, those diagnosed with Seasonal Affective Disorder reported lower stress levels and showed better adaptation to seasonal changes. Physical performance, notably in the sit-to-stand task, was more closely linked to typical sensitivity scores than to extremes of seasonal sensitivity. Discussion. These findings highlight the interplay between seasonal sensitivity, stress, and physical performance. Integrated psychosocial and physical interventions may optimize well-being among older adults in high-latitude settings. Conclusions. Seasonal sensitivity is significantly associated with perceived stress and physical performance among older adults in high southern latitudes. Individuals experiencing "Winter Blues" show elevated stress levels compared with those with typical sensitivity, whereas those with Seasonal Affective Disorder display better symptom management.
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