Clinical and Sociodemographic Outcomes in the First 100 Cases of Robot-Assisted Arthroplasty in Colombia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
Introduction. Robotic orthopedic surgery was introduced in Colombia in late 2023, representing a major technological advancement in joint replacement surgery. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic characteristics, perioperative variables, and clinical outcomes of the first 100 patients undergoing robot-assisted total hip and knee arthroplasty using the Mako® robotic arm system in a high-complexity institution in Colombia. Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2023 and July 2024, including the first 100 patients undergoing robot-assisted total hip and knee arthroplasty. Clinical and demographic variables were obtained from electronic medical records. Continuous variables were summarized using descriptive statistics, while categorical variables were reported as frequencies and percentages. Results. Among the 100 patients, 69% were women, with a median age of 72 years (IQR 66–78). Most procedures corresponded to primary tricompartmental total knee arthroplasty. Regional anesthesia was administered in 96% of patients, and 94% received postoperative opioids. Hemoglobin levels decreased from 13.2 g/dL to 11.7 g/dL (p<0.001). Discussion. The initial implementation of robot-assisted arthroplasty demonstrated favorable perioperative and postoperative outcomes, supporting the feasibility and safety of robotic orthopedic surgery in a middle-income country context. Conclusions. Robotic orthopedic surgery showed positive early clinical outcomes and may contribute to optimizing surgical precision and postoperative recovery in joint replacement procedures.
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