Validation of a multiprofessional algorithm for breaking bad news in pediatric hemato-oncology: a methodological study
Abstract
Introduction. Breaking bad news is a process of conveying information that has the potential to impact individuals' futures and occurs in all healthcare settings. In pediatric hemato-oncology, this process becomes challenging, as it is necessary to consider the context in which the patient and family are involved. Therefore, validated protocols and algorithms exist to assist professionals during this process. This study aimed to validate the content and face validity of a bad news communication algorithm for the multidisciplinary team in the pediatric hemato-oncology setting. Methodology. This applied methodological study was conducted between December 2024 and March 2025. Validation took place online, with 11 experts from different regions of Brazil. Data was obtained using tools hosted on Google Forms. Statistical analysis was performed using the Content Validity Coefficient, Intraclass correlation coefficient, and Cronbach's Alpha. Results. The algorithm showed content validity >0.80 in all items evaluated for clarity of language, theoretical relevance, and practical relevance. For face validity, validity was <0.80 in some items, requiring adjustments. The final version of the algorithm included 37 items. Discussion. The use of validated instruments to guide professional practice in complex situations is essential. Conclusions. The algorithm serves its purpose as a decision-making tool to assist professionals in breaking bad news.
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